Informatics Publishing Limited

R. N. Gacche , N. A. Dhole , A. D. Jadhav

Abstract

The ethanol extract (50%, v/v) of Smilax china Linn. (Smilacaceae), Barleria prionitis Linn. (Acanthaceae), Calotropis gigantea Linn. (Asclepiadaceae), Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. (Papilionaceae), Ricinus communis Linn. (Euphorbiaceae), Curcuma amada Linn. Roxb. (Zingiberaceae), and Piper nigrum Linn. (Piperaceae) were evaluated for their free radical scavenging activity, antioxidative ingredients, and possible anti-inflammatory activity. All the plant extracts under study were found to be effective scavengers of DPPH radicals along with considerable reducing ability. Except for Ricinus communis and Piper nigrum, all other samples were active towards scavenging of OH radicals. Considerable amounts antioxidative substances such as Vit. C and phenolics were estimated from all the plant extracts under study. All the tested plant extracts showed considerable PPO inhibitory activity. Antiinflammatory related studies such as inhibition of dien conjugates, trypsin and β-glucuronidase were carried out. Significant inhibition of dien conjugate hydroperoxides was observed with all the plants under study. The plants under study were found to have poor to moderate anti-proteolytic activity towards trypsin induced hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin (BSA). With few exceptions all plants showed moderate inhibition of β-glucuronidase. In a critical situation wherein the standardization of herbal formulations has remained a key issue to be addressed to the consumers, the results of the present study may find useful for strengthening the process of standardization of Ayurvedic preparations involving the usage of medicinal plants considered in present studies.

Keywords

Ayurveda, Medicinal Plants, Antioxidants, Anti-inflammatory and Enzyme Inhibition

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Pooja Dhok ¹, A. D. Jadhav ²

Affiliations
1 Smt. Kashibai Navale Engineering College, Vadgaon, Pune, IN
2 Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Vadgaon, Pune,411041, IN

Abstract

Suppression or removal of noise from the original image is a challenge. Most of the techniques are already proposed and used in practice. To implement such techniques in any application is important part of the application. Hardware implementations of such techniques become mandatory in today‘s technical aspect of system on chip. In this paper the implementation of content based mean, median filter and wavelet transform suitable for impulse noise suppression is presented. The adaptive median filter detects the existence of impulse noise in an image neighborhood and, the blurring of the image in process is avoided. The integrity of edge and detail information is preserved. The hardware simulation has been carried out using ‗MODELSIM‘ software tool and further implemented in FPGA. For handy and fast industrial imaging applications, this approach is important. A variant of the Haar wavelet transform that uses only addition and subtraction operations is also implemented. A selection strategy, which does not require the previous ordering of coefficients, has been used. The whole compression circuitry has been described and simulated at HDL level for up to 4 consecutive images, obtaining consistent results. The PSNR value of Haar transform is 20%. The complete processor (excluding memory) for images of 256 × 256 pixels has been implemented using only one cheap FPGA chip, thus making the design reliable and relatively simple.

Keywords

Median Filter, Modelsim, FPGA, Haar Wavelet Transform.

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S. B. Bhosale ¹, M. M. Jadhav ¹, A. D. Jadhav ¹

Affiliations
1 Sinhgad College of Engineering, Vadagaon (Bk), Pune, IN

Abstract

Network controlled device has its own demand and application with fast development in technology. The system of remote data monitoring is designed based on the core processors of LPC2378 in the paper. The proposed paper is design to add security issue to any general premises. In this paper, telemetry monitoring based on embedded platform with Ethernet port support is designed. Method of embedded system interface based on Ethernet and ARM7LPC2378 processor. The platform has Ethernet interface on it DP83848H can directly connect with the Ethernet MAC, to develop system. A data can be transmitted transparently through Ethernet interface unit to the remote end desktop computer. This design has the advantage of cost-effective, easily realized, stable and reliable transmission and so on.

Keywords

Remote Data Monitor, Embedded Ethernet, ARM 7.

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Mandar N. Kakade ¹, A. D. Jadhav

Affiliations
1 University of Pune, IN

Abstract

Digital processing of speech signal and speech recognition algorithm is very important for fast and accurate automatic speech recognition technology. The speech is a signal of infinite information. A direct analysis of the complex speech signal is due to too much information contained in the signal. Therefore the digital signal processes such as feature extraction and feature matching are introduced to represent the speech signal. Several methods such as Liner Predictive Coding (LPC), Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) etc are used to identify a speech. The extraction and matching process is implemented right after the pre processing or filtering signal is performed. The non-parametric method for modelling the human auditory perception system, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) are utilize as extraction techniques. The non linear sequence alignment known as Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) has been used as speech modelling techniques. Since it’s obvious that the speech signal tends to have different temporal rate, the alignment is important to produce the better performance. This paper introduces MFCC to extract features and DTW to compare the test patterns for speech identification. In this paper, same algorithms are implemented onto ARM platform as well as MATLAB.

Keywords

Feature Extraction, Feature Matching, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW).

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Bhavana Srivastava ¹, Himanshu Sharma ¹, Vikas Chandra Sharma ¹, S. C. Verma ², A. D. Jadhav ¹

Affiliations
1 National Research Institute for Ayurveda Siddha Human Resource Development, Aamkho, Gwalior-474009, (M.P), IN
2 Pharmacopeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homeopathy, PLIM Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad-201002, IN

Abstract

Pterocarpus marsupium commonly called Indian kino tree is a medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda. As per the Ayurvedic literature, heart wood of this plant is used in Krmiroga, Kustha, Prameha, Pandu, and Medodosa. Removal of heart wood from trunk of this tree may make this plant weak and susceptible to damage by insects and natural elements. Due to which availability of this plant may be difficult in near future for use in Indian system of medicine. This work is an attempt to evaluate the possibilities of using small branches in place of heart wood. The standard parameters of small branches of P. marsupium have not been prepared yet. So work is carried out to establish preliminary physicochemical and phytochemical standards of small branches of P. marsupium. Heart wood and small branches of P. marsupium are compared on the basis of physicochemical analysis, phytochemical analysis and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Total phenolic contents of heart wood and small branches in terms of tannic acid equivalent were 36.65±0.90 and 41.91±1.05 mg/g, respectively and total flavonoid contents in terms of querecetin equivalent were 56.30±0.38 and 70.22±1.25 mg/g, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of heartwood and small branches showed the presence of phenols, tannins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, proteins, steroids, flavanoids, coumarin, quinine and furanoids in various extracts tested. HPTLC of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of heart wood and small branches showed different phytochemical profile. Difference in HPTLC profiles suggests that small branches cannot be used in place of heart wood and further research is required to find out the substitute for heart wood of P. marsupium. Study will be helpful in the identification and quality control of P. marsupium and can provide standard HPTLC profiles of P. marsupium with selected solvent system for use as a reference for the proper identification/ authentication of the drug. Good amount of total phenolics and total flavonoids in small branches and HPTLC profile with many bands indicates that small branches may also have potential active constituents and may be studied for various pharmacological activities.

Keywords

Pterocarpus Marsupium, Physicochemical Analysis, Phytochemical Analysis, HPTLC Profile.

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